Means for making paper.



intricate snare raranr rrrc JAEIES T. TQNG, @F CHESTER, PENNSYLVANIA, ASSIGNOB TQ SCOTT EAPEE- COMPANY,

A CORCPOMTIQN OF PENNSYLVANIA.

MEANS FOR MAKING: PAP.

it all whom it may concern:

Be it known that T, JAMES TURNER Tone, a citizen of the United States, and resident of Chester, county of Delaware, and State of Pennsylvania, have invented an Improvement in Means for Making Paper, of which the following is a specification.

Heretofore it has been the practice to make a relatively soft and Very slightly sized paper of crinkled or irregular ribbed appearance, by subjecting the paper, as 1t comes from the squeeze rolls at the wet end of the machine, to the action of a doctor, which strips it from one of the said rolls and at the same time crushes it by reason of its being pushed against the reciprocating doctor knife during the stripping operation. Moreover, this crushed or crin kled paper in wet condition is then fed about the drying cylinders and, when dry, is delivered to the winding reel; and subsequently split and rewound into rolls or made into folded sheets for use as paper towels, etc. The objection to this paper lies in the act that it is not sufliciently pliable to be used like andto have the feelin of a cloth towel; neither, as a single ply sTieet, has it the absorption capacity desired.

The object of my invention is to provide a machine for making an improved towel= ing paper of the above character, having means at the delivery or dry end for treating the dried aper to a special action of rubber rolls to reak down the rigidity of the crinkled or'ribbed form given to the paper by the treatment of the doctor, the efiect of my improvements being to reduce a densifying of the body and provi e a softening and pliability to the paper which imparts to it characteristics whereby it more nearly resembles a cloth towel.

In the operation of the machine, the object is first to form the paper web into a crinkled appearance or irregular ribbed condition while the paper is wet, then to dry the paper so formed, and finally subject the dried paper to a breaking down of its ribbed or crinkled form in such manner that the stiffness existin in the paper is worked out of it and t e paper more densified, so that the finished aper is soft, limp and more or less resem ling cloth in its feel. The result obtained, not only secures the desirable softness and pliability of the paper as stated, but also gives to it a condition Specification of Letters Patent.

which improves its absorptive quality for v Patented Feb. 25, TQILQ. Application filed October as, 1917. Serial no. 198,632.

moisture and hence makes the toweling more eificient in use.

My invention also consists of improvements hereinafter described whereby the above objects and results are attained, said improvements comprising certain organization and combination of parts which are fully described hereinafter and more particularly defined in the claims.

For the purpose of illustrating my invention, T have shown in the accompanying drawings the embodiment thereof which is at present preferred by me, since the same is in form to give satisfactory and reliable results, but it is to be understood that the several instrumentalities of which my invention consists, can be. variously arranged and organized and that my inventionis not limited to the precise arrangement and organization of the instrumentalities herein.

shown and described.

Referring to the drawings: Figure 1 is a diagrammatic side elevation of the general parts of a paper making machine embodying my invention and showing certain of said parts of the machine more in detail,

and Fig. 2 is a front elevation of a portion of the same, namely, that ortion for treating the paper to the brea ing down action between rubber rolls.

2 is the delivery end of the Fourdrinier of a paper making machine, and 3, 3, are the press rolls for the paper web made therein. construction and are designated as the wet end of the machine. The wet paper web :22

These parts are of any ordinary.

passes between the press rolls 3, 3, and upward about the upper of said rolls, where itis acted upon by a doctor 6 inthe form of a lon knife tangential to the surface and having its length parallelto the axis of the roll. This knife, designated as the doctor, is reciprocatedlongitudinally of its length and has its edge lightly resting against, or very close to, the surface of the roll, so as to strip or assist in stripping the paper web from the upper part of the roll and permit it to pass upward and over a guide roll 4. As the press roll 3 is positively driven, it feeds the aper web against the edge of the doctor lade 6 while it is being reciprocated in the usual manner. In this manner the wet paper web is given an irregular ribbed appearance and the paper so formed Mid is delivered from roll 1 to roll 7 at the receiving end of the plurality of drying cylinders 8. The paper web, in its lrregularly ribbed and wet condition, is fed about the drying cylinders and dried. The paper is then in a condition somewhat resembling in appearance crinkled paper and while generally pliable, has some objectionable stiffness, This paper, in dried condition, then passes under a guide or spring roller 9 and thence between the conditioning devices 10, comprising rubber faced rolls 11 and 13, which are driven in any suitable manner. These rolls 11 and 13 are respectively faced with rubber as at 12 and 14, said rubber surfaces rolling in contact with considerable pressure upon the paper :12 passing between them. The lower roll 13 may be journaled in fixed bearings on a pedestal or base frame 15, while the upper roll 11 is journaled in bearings carried upon the lever arms 16, hinged at 17 to the pedestal or base frame .15. The lower ends of the lever arms 16 are acted upon by adjusting screws 18 to limit the pressure between the .rolls 11 and 13. The weight of the upper roll 11 will put the rubber covering of the two rolls under pressure which will be sufficient to cause them to flatten at their rolling contacts and thereby crushingly act upon the paper. The adjusting screws 18 limit the extent of the crushing pressure of the roll 11, so as not to permit too great a pressure to be put upon the paper.

From the conditioning rolls 11 and 13, the finished paper web passes to the reel 19, upon which it is wound. This reel 19 is journaled at one end of a pivoted frame 22, the other end having a similar reel 19 which has been previously filled into a roll of paper 20. \Vhile one reel 19 is being filled, the web of the other reel 19 is being fed to the rewinder (not shown). By means of the pivoted frame 22, either reel 19 maybe brought into position to wind up the paper web from the conditioning rolls, prelimi nary to rewinding.

The rubber faced rolls 11 and 13 are geared together at 21 to insure them running at the same surface speeds; and it will be evident that while I have shown these rolls of the same diameters, this is not necessary as the gearing employed may compensate for any difference in diameters, to insure equal surface speeds. The rubber faces 12 and 14 faces whic of the rolls will produce a more or less flattened contact as they rotate, the rubber bulging out slightly on the intake side, all of which roduces yielding crushing s11ri i pinch the paper web throughout its width; and the extended flattened rubber surfaces providing the crushing means, being yielding, will accommodate themselves at all points to meet the variable conditions of the paper body. In other words, a crushing down by hard rolls would tend to cut the paper where heavy ribbed places may exist and also would produce a spot calendered paper wholly unsuitable for the purposes desired for my improved pa 1 per; but by employing two rubber rolls, the opposite sides of the ribbed paper is equally treated to a crushing down and softening of the fibrous structure to densify it yet in1-- part no effect which would constitute a cal-. endering operation.

By my invention it is possible, not only to; produce a paper towel having the cloth feel, but also to provide a towel of this character with a greater body for absorp tion per square unit than has heretofore been found practicable. The reason of this is, that because ofthis secondary treatment of crushing down of the ribbed folds of the paper between elastic surfaces, the doctor may be made to rovide ribs or folds of greater depth by s owing down the delivery feed to the drying cylinders and modifying the reciprocating movement of the doctor or both, as will be understood by those skilled in the art, and this greater body of paper when subsequently dried and crushed down will give that much additional absorption material while maintaining the pliability. By my improvement it will be possible to maintain a definite quality of paper toweling as to pliability and vary the body and absorption capacity to suit the requirements for different uses to which the toweling is to be put.

lVhile my invention is intended to produce a paper which is specially intended for towels, nevertheless, it will be understood that the paper will be excellently suitable for napkins, table cloths and for cleansing purposes generally.

In toweling, it has been customary to fold the prepared paper to provide two or four ply paper, to insure sufficient body and main tain pliability, but this has been costly and the bulk of paper employed is not wholly utilized to the best advantage. By my present improvements, less paper would be necessary to produce the same absorptive results, because the moisture may penetrate more rapidly and therefore less plies with a given body are possible with paper of this character than heretofore; thus, a two-ply towel of the present paper properly proportioned as to body, is better adapted to the uses of paper towels and more economical than a four-ply towel of the old form.

I have not shown the-details of the paper making machine, because those details are well known to those skilled in paper making to whom my invention is directed, and I do not restrict myself to such details. The essential requirements of my invention are to provide in a paper making machine, means such as a doctor at the wet end i as to provide a roughened or ribbed construction to the wet web of paper, and means, such as the pair of pressure rolls having yielding surfaces at the dry end of the machine, whereby the roughened or ribbedpaper web is produced, then dried and finally treated to crush down and yieldingly densify and partly flatten the irregular ribbed surface of the dried paper web. By

' subjecting the roughened or ribbed portions that I do not restrict myselflto the details,

as the same are susceptible of modification in various particulars without departing from the spiritor scope of the invention.

Having now described my invention, what I claim as new and desire to secnre by Letters Patent, is

1. In a paper making machine, the combination with the driers, of a doctor arranged at the wet end for giving to the paper web an irregular ribbed candition, and a conditioning device at the dry'end comprising a pair of rubber rolls rolling in contact and between which the dried paper web passes, for crushing down the ribbed portions of the paper web to densify them and make the paper more pliable and clothlike to the feel. Y

2. In a paper making machine, the combination with the driers, of a doctor ar.- ranged at the wet end for giving to the paper web an irregular ribbed conditlon, and a conditioning device at the dry end comprising a pair of rubber rolls rolling in contact and between which the dried paper web passes, for crushing down the ribbed portions of the paper web to densify them and make the paper more pliable and clothlike to the feel, and adjusting means for' regulating the extent of crushing pressure between the rubber rolls.

3. In a paper making machine, means for makinga web ofpaper with a roughened irregular ribbed form, combined with conditioning devices for densifying the ribbed portions. of the paper web andrendering it more pliable, said means consisting of two rubber rolls rolling in contact and forming opposed pliable surfaces between which the paper web passes and by which it is crushed.

4. In a paper making machine, means for making a web of paper with a roughened irregular ribbed form, combined with conditioning devices for densifying the ribbed portions of. the paper web and rendering it more pliable, said means consisting of two "rubber rolls rolling in contact and forming opposed pliable surfaces between which the paper web passes and by which it is crushed, and means for limiting the extent of crushing action by the rolls upon the paper web.

In testimony of which invention, I hereunto set my hand. 1

p JAMES T. VTONG. Witnesses: 'v

LAURA BAXTER, J. W, RUDOLPH. 

